Full text: Vitruvius: The civil architecture of Vitruvius

lower. At the line of separation the middle impages are 
placed: others are framed into the doors at the bottom of 
the lower and at the top of the upper compartment. The 
height' of the impages is a third part of the tympanum. 
The horizontal scapi are together half the height of the 
impages: the replum is two thirds of the remaining space; 
and the cymatium above and below occupy the other third. 
Those portions of the scapi which appear before the 
antepagments are equal in width to half the impage. If 
the doors are made folding’, it will not be necessary to 
add to their height, but only to make their width somewhat 
greater; but if each folding door has two valves, the height 
of the doorway must be increased. 
The Attic or Corinthian doorways are similar to the 
Doric, excepting that the antepagments have a fascia below 
the cymatium: the proportion which this fascia bears to the 
antepagment, exclusive of the cymatium, is two parts to 
seven. The antepagments are not to be embossed with 
encaustic work, neither are they to be constructed for 
the reception of double doors, but for folding doors 
1 Through ignorance of the method in which ancient doors were formed, the 
editors of Vitruvius alter altitudo, which is the reading of the manuscripts, to 
latitudo. 
» Fores valvatae are folding doors. Vitruvius, having already described the 
proportions for single doors, proceds to say that if the doors be made valvatae, or 
folding, it will be necessary that the doorway should be of greater width: the reason 
for which is sufficiently obvious. The bifores are double doors; that is, one door 
within the other, having an interval between them equal to the thickness of the wal 
or of the antepagments.
	        
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