OBSERVATIONS ON THE 
kiv 
Teiesth i ene ei ehe er ded nd begen obe eled egle ie 
ehe ein hon en e eneihe ene enesaet es on begen h agile. 
Viruris l. M. C.1) eaks ofthetempleof oujinnsas an erample dfa dipterltenpte. Do casu, 
hot t his e e e enenen eon e bil aeun an in i a seone 
einena h ene en e e beh ease sen e e an ehane enehege ban bese 
lig under efealenmn. This nunber ofcolonns vil o age vich any but a dipteraltempe; forin al 
the other kind decribed y Virwvins, the nunber of colunns must be many more, or many les: but in the 
doube range aound adipteraltemple chere are enadly seventy ha colunns; ocha it is farcely to be doubed 
that his tenple which Augostes rebuit, vas that to which Viruwvius allude, and therefore he must hauve 
wittenafter that time. Should it be alleged hat the old temple of Quinus (which was in being long before 
thetime of Augustus) may allo have been of the dipteral kind, and had the same number of colunns, it may 
heanfvered, hat the new temple must have diffred from the old onein that respedt; for if Augustus had only 
copied the old temple, it could not be attributed to him as an act of design, or be acounted ominous, that he 
used that number of columns. By the foregoing then it appears, that some of the buildings mentioned by 
Vituvius were erected by Augusus, or in his time, or afterward; and it is thereby rendered excedingly im¬ 
probable that Vitruvius publifhed his book in that reign. 
Vitrusius (L. IX. C. III.) names Cicero, whom all the writers of the Augustan age avoided mentioning, lest it 
should give offence to the emperor, by whom he had been proscribed. Plutarch (in Cicero) says—et One of the 
grandlons of Augustus baving a book of Ciceros in bis band wben bis grandfather entered ihe aparimen, endeavoured 
to conceal it : Augustus however discovering it, took the book; and reading part of it, returned it, saying, That, my child, 
was a good man, and a friend of his country."—This is recorded as an instance of the moderation and temper of 
Augustus: but it is also an evidence of the public opinion, that the mention of Cicero might be offensive to 
him; and renders it highly improbable that an author, and an officer dependant on him, should, in a treatise that 
he professes to write for his use, mention Cicero's name. 
In book 55, Dio relates that" Maecenas, in the time of Augustus, first introduced the use of hot baths in Rome:" and 
in book 53 he says—* Aggrippa first erected at Rome the sudatorium laconicum, so called from being used by the 
Lacedæmonians. —This was in the 9th consulate of Augustus; yet these Vitruvius treats of, and describes as 
being, and having long been, in common use at Rome when he wrote. It is therefore just to conclude, that 
he wrote long after this time. 
In the proem of the seventh book Vitruvius says—* Fussitius was the first among us who wrote on Architecture; 
tben Terentius Varro, in bis treatises of New Sciences, wrote one on the same subject, and Publius Septimus two: since 
wbich, to this time, no one bas written thereof, although there must have been some great architects among the ancient 
citizens who were able to have written judiciousty." 
Thele words evidently imply that a considerable number of years had elapsed from the time of Terentius 
Varro and Septimius to that when Vitruvius wrote this passage, fince he speaks of it as extraordinary that 
no one had writen thereof in that interval. Now M. Terentius Varo, the famous author of many books,