VITRUVIUS. 
e ed a en eben e ein e e e asenrin 
ei enetehenegenet an rbeon leg ne bunh aet 
thinner than at top. 
Tun der se o fand tit che crednal eni da, man be the trelih at erehe 
teheheshefthegetere. Outed erehe pan beren ehe wo eapg he hinense 
lere che pite. The inpes ae o dtibuech, hat te hesih beng dnidt 
into hue puli, wo fpeioe, and threindeie, ne dispotde. Upon the midte he 
midle inpeges ae placd, of the ret, one ne faned at op, and fone at boton; 
che breadih ofche inpgeis che tind pat of the ynpan; dhe oymatiumn (g) is the hich. 
rit heingeg thebeudh ofche sen i the haf o eheinge ehe esun is 
(15) Scapi are all the pieces in general, which are di¬ 
posed perpendiculathy, and which we call stiles: the car- 
dinal scapi I suppose to be the hinge ftiles, or rather the 
door-posts to which the doors are hinged. The scapi are 
mentioned twice afterward; the first mentioned of the two, 
I take to be the middle stiles of the door; and the other, 
the side sliles, (i. e.) those next the antepagments. It is not 
determined whether each of the cardinal stiles is to have in 
breadth the twelfth part of the heighth of the aperture, or 
whether that measure is to be divided between both. I 
have chosen the latter: Galiani has altered altitudinis, in the 
text, to latitudinis, thereby making these cardinal scapi to 
be the twelfth part of the breath instead of the heighth. 
(16*) The tympans are the pannels. Perault and Bar- 
baro make but one pannel in the whole breadth of the aper- 
ture; but the manner in which the scapi are three times 
mentioned, proves, that there must be at least four scap 
exclusive of the cardinal scapi; and, consequently, two 
pannels in the breadth: and this induces me to think that 
the twelve parts, out of which the tympan has three, are 
to be understood to be in the breadth of the aperture, be- 
tween the two cardinal scapi, not in the heighth of the aper- 
ture, of which the cardinal scapi has before had one twelfth; 
for, thus understanding it, the measures allowed to the tym¬ 
pans, scapi, &c. are reconcileable with that of the breadth 
of the aperture, otherwise not. 
(17*) The impages are supposed to be the horizontal 
pieces of the framing, called by us the rails. The trans¬ 
lators in general, excepting Galiani, have made but three 
in the whole heighth; one in the middle, and the other 
two at top and bottom of the door; but it is evident, by 
the expression of the text, ex reliquis alii in summo alii in imo, 
of the rest, some above and some below, and afterward men- 
tioning one in the middle, that there must be at least two 
impages, if not more, both above and below the middle one. 
(18*) The replum has been varioussy interpreted; but 
the most general received opinion is, that it is the rising part 
of the pannel, by us called the railing. 
The twelve parts of the breadth are thus accounted for: 
The two tympams, at 3 each, - 
The four scapi, at  each, 
The four replums, at  and  each, 
The four cymatiums, at  each 
- 0 
The middle astragals, or staffs, n'n, 
In all 12 
After all, I am far from being satisfied that the design 
given by the other translators, or myself, (though most cor- 
respondent to the text I could imagine) is to be depended 
on as the true formation of the ancient doors. I rather be- 
lieve (founding my opinion on the circumstances of the de- 
scription) that they were framed in a manner of which we 
have at present no idea. 
We imagine the scapi are the perpendicular, and the 
impages the horizontal margins of the door; why then 
should the former be but half the breadth of the latter? 
We know not whether the cymatium is included, in the 
measure allowed to the impage, or excluded; whether it 
is at top of the impages only, or at bottom also; whether 
it projects or recedes, and whether it is to be applied to 
the scapi as well as to the impages; whether the middle im- 
page is to be placed at the true middle of the heighth of 
the aperture, or that point which separates two parts above 
from three below. We are not informed how many im- 
pages there are to be made above and below the middle 
one, nor how they are to be disposed; and we know not 
what is certainly meant by the replum; wherefore the de- 
scription conveys to us no clear idea, but is obscure and 
unintelligible; and the generality of the translators have 
therefore contented themselves with giving a draught of the 
doors according to their own fancy, without regard to its 
conformity to the words of the text.