WATERS. 
397 
Chap.IV. 
nine, if muriat of iron be included. The most common 
by far is muriat of soda. 
r. Alkaline. 
1. Muriat of soda and of potass may be detected by 
the following method : Separate the sulphuric acid by 
alcohol and nitrat of barytes. Decompose the earthy 
nitrats and muriats by adding sulphuric acid. Expel 
the excess of muriatic and nitric acids by heat. Sepa 
rate the sulphats thus formed by alcohol and barytic 
water. The water thus purified can contain nothing 
but alkaline nitrats and muriats. If it forms a precipi 
tate with acetite of silver, we may conclude that it con 
tains muriat of soda or of potass. To ascertain which, 
evaporate the iiquid thus precipitated to dryness; dis 
solve the acetite in alcohol. Evaporate to dryness. The 
salt will deliquesce if it be acetite of potass, but effloresce 
if it be acetite of soda. 
2. Muriat of barytes may be detected by sulphuric 2. Barytic. 
acid, as it is the only barytic salt hitherto found in 
waters. 
3. Calcare 
3. Muriat of lime may be detected by the following 
ous. 
method: Free the water of sulphat of lime and other 
sulphats, by evaporating it to a few ounces, mixing it 
with spirit of wine, and adding last of all nitrat of 
barytes as long as any precipitate appears. Filter off the 
water, evaporate to dryness, treat the dry mass with 
alcohol. Evaporate the alcohol to dryness and dissolve 
the residuum in water. If this solution gives a precipi 
tate with acetite of silver and oxalic acid, it may con 
tain muriat of lime. It must contain it in that case, 
if, after being treated with carbonat of lime, it gives no 
precipitate with ammonia. If it does, separate the lime 
by means of oxalic acid, filter and distil with a gentle 
heat. If the liquid in the receiver gives a precipitate with 
nitrat of silver, muriat of lime existed in the water.