PPENDI 
which have such fillets in the bases of their columns: they are not under the bases; because the Greeks made 
the joints of the stones in different parts, and frequently made the base, or part of the base, of one piece with 
the step on which it stood (as in the first of these examples) ; but they are in both cases at that part of the 
base where the joints have been made, so that they are equally well situated to answer the purpose of 
scamilli as if they were under the whole base. In the Parthenon, and Temple of Theseus, at Athens, and in some 
other Doric temples, they are used at that part where the capital is set on the shaft of the column; for the 
small fissure there observed appears to be for that purpose only. Another example is, the Temple of Pola in 
Istria, in which these fillets or scamilli are found both under the bases and over the capitals of the columus, 
exactly as Vitruvius mentions. These fillets have not been seen by Palladio, Le Roi, and others, who had 
measured this temple: and it is owing to Mr. Stuart, and Revett's accurate delineations (not yet published), 
that I am enabled to produce this example. The scamilli are also used in the antient arch yet standing at the 
same place. Over the capitals they are to be seen in many antient remains; as, in the lonic temple on the 
Ilissus at Athens ; the Portico of Octavia, called by Desgodetz the Portico of Severus, at Rome; the Temple 
of Antoninus and Faustina; the Forum of Nerva; the Arch of Titus; the Thermæ of Dioclesian; and in the 
remains of the Temple of Jupiter Tonans. In this latter there appears a double scamillus, one above the 
other; the upper one is of white marble, and is let into a cavity made in the lower one. So that it appears 
very probable they were used for the purposes I have conjectured, that of raising the epistylium to a level, where 
the columns have varied a little in their height; as well as to prevent rupturing the edges of the capitals, &c. 
BOOK IV. Ch. II. Note (1). In this note I argued the transtra to be the principal rafters of a roof; but 
I have since met with a passage at book x. ch. xxi. where the term is applied to the horizontal timbers of a 
floor—ita supra transtrorum planitiem: however, at book ii. ch. i. it is evidently used for the rafters, or the in¬ 
clined timbers rising from the four corners of a building, and meeting in a point in the middle of the roof-item 
tecta recidentes ad extremos angulos transtra, gradatim contrahentes. Hence it appears that Vitruvius uses the term 
in both senses; and perhaps it may be applicable to all timbers laid transversely over a void, whether horizon- 
tally or inclined. The rowers benches, that crossed the ship from one side to the other, were distinguished by 
the same term. 
BOOKIV. Ch. III. Perrault has altered the text, on a supposition that it is erroneous in that place of this 
chapter, where Vitruvius prescribes the breadth of the Doric capital to be two modules and a sixth part; a 
proportion that he, following Barbaro, thinks too small to be endured: it has however the authority of a very 
antient example now subfisting, viz. the Doric Portico at Athens; in which the breadth of the abacus of the 
capital is rather les than two modules and a sixth, according to the measures given thereof in Mr. Stuart's 
Antiquities of Athens, vol. i. 
BOOK IV. Ch. VI. The antient door of the Pantheon at Rome, according to Desgodetz, appears to have 
been framed in the manner Vitruvius describes, and exemplifies his text very exacty. For of the two middle¬ 
most inpages, or horizontal rails, of this dor, the upper one was at thre fifths of the height, and the other 
at the midle of that height, agreing therein with the direcions of Vitruvius. I have therefore now altered 
Fig. XXXI. accordingly. 
There are feveral examples of antient dors to be fen on matble farcophagi, which are famed in pannels. 
One is epréentedin Planefs Aatiquitis of Rome, ol i. 1.27 motherisin the coledion at wvikoh on 
a facophagus which fands inthe great hal. inboh hef camples one leifofche doris epedented openug 
outund in ehich maner iti kidihedons ofche antien Greks fhuli openedt. Se Purachin dhelie 
of Poplicola.